How is molality calculated?

Molality is a measure of the concentration of a solution that expresses the number of moles of solute per kilogram of solvent. The formula for calculating molality is given by the number of moles of solute divided by the mass of the solvent in kilograms. This is particularly useful because it provides a concentration that is independent of temperature, as it does not rely on volume but rather on mass, making it an important aspect in situations where changes in temperature may affect the volume of the solvent.

In this case, dividing the number of moles of solute by the mass of the solvent (measured in kilograms) results in a value that reflects the molal concentration of the solution. This is critical in various applications, such as calculating freezing point depression and boiling point elevation, both of which are dependent on the molality of the solution.