What is the procedure for preparing a standard solution in aqueous chemistry?

Preparing a standard solution involves dissolving a precisely measured amount of solute in a specific volume of solvent to achieve a desired concentration. This process is fundamental in analytical chemistry, where standard solutions are used for calibration and quantitative analysis.

When preparing a standard solution, accuracy is key. The known quantity of solute ensures that the concentration can be calculated directly using the formula: concentration = moles of solute/volume of solution. By adding the solute to a volumetric flask and then adding solvent up to the mark, you ensure that the total volume is accurate, which is essential for the reliability of experimental results.

The other options do not represent the correct procedure for preparing a standard solution. Mixing various solutes until saturation will not yield a solution of known concentration, as the final concentration would depend on the solubility of each solute and the volume of the mixture. Diluting a concentrated solution is a way to achieve a lower concentration, but it requires prior knowledge of the concentrated solution and does not start from a known quantity of solute. Finally, evaporating a solvent to concentrate a solution does not involve measuring out solutes and will not provide a standard solution with precise concentrations.