What physical state are ions in when an ionic solid dissolves in water?

When an ionic solid dissolves in water, the ions are dispersed throughout the solution. In this process, the ionic solid, which consists of a lattice structure held together by strong electrostatic forces, is dissociated into individual ions. As water molecules surround and interact with these ions, they effectively pull them apart from the lattice structure. This interaction leads to the ions becoming solvated, meaning they are separated and surrounded by water molecules, allowing them to move freely throughout the solution.

This dispersal of ions is essential for the solution's conductive properties, as it enables the solution to conduct electricity. Because the ions are now free to move, they can carry electrical charge through the aqueous medium. Therefore, when considering the behavior of ionic compounds in water, the understanding that they are dispersed as separate ions throughout the solution captures the essential nature of solvation in ionic interactions with polar solvents like water.